To provide the student with a basic understanding of the electronic quantum components of the future. Such components may be based on superconductivity, quantum mechanical tunneling, and charge transport in 1- and 2-dimensional nano-scale systems.

• Describe the electrodynamic properties of superconductors and apply the theory on superconducting transmission lines.
• Discuss the basic properties of Josephson junctions and apply their circuit models.
• Describe the principles of e.g. the following small scale devices based on superconductivity: The Josephson voltage standard, and superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs).
• Explain the design of 2 dimensional electron gasses and the determination of the transverse wave modes with and without a magnetic field.
• Review central paradigms in mesoscopic transport, such as phase coherence, transport viewed as transmission, and the Landauer-Büttiker formalism.
• Describe a simple model for the integer quantum-Hall effect and apply the Landauer-Büttiker formalism thereon.
• Explain the functioning of the single electron transistor.
• Describe simple models for magnetoelectronic devices such as spin valves and magnetic tunneling diodes.
• Explain and critically assess the limits for the introduced physical models.

A number of quantum-electronic devices will be introduced and discussed. An introduction to small scale superconductivity is given: Flux quantisation, the Josephson effect, quantum interference, high frequency components and detectors, transition edge detectors, the voltage standard. Another topic is charge transport in spatially restricted structures: Ballistic transport, the simple two-dimensional electron gas, conduction in narrow channels, the Landauer-Büttiker model, the quantum Hall effect, localisation, and resistance fluctuations. A third topic is hybrid systems: The normal metal-superconductor interface (Andreev reflection), and interfaces between ferromagnets and semiconductors/metals. Finally, an introduction is given to single electron tunnneling in nanometer junctions: Coulomb blockade, single electron transistor, electron pump, current standard, and Coulomb blockade thermometer.

Textbooks: T. Van Duzer and C. W. Turner: Superconductive Devices and Circuits, 2. ed., Prentice-Haller 1999, ISBN 978-0-132-62742-9. T. Heinzel: Mesoscopic Electronics in Solid State Nanostructures, 3. Ed., Wiley-VCH, 2010, ISBN 978-3-527-40932-7.